The enthalpy change of a reaction Essay Example for Free

The enthalpy diversity of a reply EssayThis is the equation for the reaction I intend to find the enthalpy change for. As this particular reaction is very difficult to measure the enthalpy change by carrying it tabu (the depravation of CaCO3 needs a temperature of over 800i C), I must use another method and it uses Hess Law. Hess Law States The enthalpy change for any chemical reaction is free of the intermediate stages, provided the initial and final conditions ar the same for each route. CaCO3 CaO + CO2 CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O. In simpler terms, the main point of Hess Law is that the total enthalpy change for the indirect route of a reaction is the same as the direct route, i. e. ?H1 = ? H2- ? H3. The diagram above represents a Hess Cycle or a Thermochemical Cycle. By discerning the enthalpy changes in two parts of the cycle, it is possible to calculate the third part and complete the cycle. This is how I am liberation to carry out my audition. For my experiment I leave be hind 1. ) React calcium carbonate with hydrochloric corrosive. 2. ) React calcium oxide with hydrochloric acid.In both of these reactions I will measure the enthalpy changes by enter the starting temperature and look outing the reaction, the end temperature. By following this procedure, I can calculate the change in temperature and consequently the enthalpy change. The apparatus I will need for these reactions includes 2 x Polystyrene Cups 250ml Beaker Digital Thermometer 50ml Measuring Cylinder I decided to use a polystyrene form so I could reduce modify loss polystyrene is an insulator, whereas if I had used glass heat loss would have been a huge influence on results.I am using a beaker so that when I need to move the reactants, I do not influence any temperature change just through my body heat. Also, the thought of the firmness of purpose spilling was not a pleasant one, so in case of spillage, the beaker would catch it. The digital thermometer is much more accurate than a conventional thermometer because it reads down to 1 decimal point. Safety Apparatus Safety glasses and lab-coat. The quantities of materials I have available HCl (2. 0 mol dm-3) As much as required CaCO3 among 2. 4g and 2. 6g CaO As much as required.In order to determine the quantities I will need to use in the experiment, I must carry out a few simple calculations. Here is the equation for the first reaction I will carry out, involving CaCO3 and HCl. CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 This equation shows that 2 moles of HCl are involve for every 1 mole of CaCO3 to react. Using this information I can calculate the volume of HCl I will need in the reaction. I first need to find the number of moles of CaCO3 will be in the reaction Number of Moles = Mass Relative Formula Mass No. of moles of CaCO3 2.5g coulomb 0. 025 moles of CaCO3 Now I need to calculate the minimum amount of HCl I will need in the reaction. (Adding more would not affect the results because rate of reaction has no relevance to the experiment. All that is important in this reaction is that it is completed. ) Volume = Moles Concentration Volume of HCl 0. 05 (twice as many as CaCO3, as required) 2 0. 025 dm3 of HCl I now know that the quantities I require, in the first experiment, are as follows CaCo3 About 2. 5g HCl 50cm3 (25cm3 is minimum any less will affect results).In the piece reaction, involving Calcium Oxide and Hydrochloric acid, the equation is CaO + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O Again, like the first reaction, 2 moles of HCl are required to react with 1 mole of CaO. To keep things simple, I am going to use the same number of moles of CaO as CaCO3. Mass = Moles x Relative Formula Mass Mass of CaO needed = 0. 025 x 56 1. 4g Volume of HCl needed 0. 05 (twice as many as Ca0, as required) 2 0. 025 dm3 In order to carry out these experiments, the following directions should be carried out carefully. Method for reaction 1 CaCO3 and HCl.Add 2. 5g of CaCO3 to a polystyrene cup. Place the poly styrene cup in a beaker. Add 50cm3 of HCl to a 50ml measuring cylinder. Measure the temperature of the HCl. Add the HCl to the CaCO3 and measure the end temperature. Once I have measured the end temperature I will compare it to the start temperature and calculate the temperature change. Method for reaction 2 CaO and HCl Add 1. 4g of CaO to a polystyrene cup. Place the polystyrene cup in a beaker. Add 50cm3 of HCl to a 50ml measuring cylinder. Measure the temperature of the HCl.Add the HCl to the CaO and measure the end temperature. Again, once I have measured the end temperature I will compare it to the start temperature and calculate the temperature change. Once the temperature changes have been calculate ? H needs to be found. Once all of the enthalpy changes have been calculated, follow the equation ? H1= ? H2- ? H3 Risk Assessment The substances which I am using are both fairly dangerous and have the potential to cause serious damage. Hydrochloric acid can cause burns and is ir ritating to the respiratory system.The molarity I am using is wholly irritant but this is still not pleasant. The only form of protection that is really needed while using HCl is to wear safety glasses. Calcium oxide causes burns and is irritating to the spirits, skin and respiratory system. Again, only eye protection is really needed with the use of this substance. By using my plan, I expect to get accurate and consistent results as I have calculated the exact amounts of substances needed and factors which will affect results, such as heat loss.Nothing in my experiment will give inaccurate or vary results as long as the method is followed strictly, i. e. correct and precise measurements of substances. The only way the experiment can be inaccurate therefore is through clement error. Sources used in devising my plan Haz-Cards. Chemical Ideas, Second Edition Burton, Holman, Lazonby, Pilling, Waddington. Class work notes Show preview only The above preview is unformatted school t ext This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Coffee Bean Essay Example for Free

Coffee attic EssayThe Coffee Bean Tea Leaf was founded by Mona and Herbert Hyman and it is established in Los Angeles, California in the year 1963. The first Coffee Bean Tea Leaf were established here in Malaysia in 1997. The club offers a wide variety of its own signature beverages that ranges from coffee to non-coffee drinks and launched their very own signature drink The Original Ice Blended in 1989 and has been the main highlight of its company ever since.We will take a look into the possibility of obstetrical delivery in a new product that could be a mainstay for the Ice Blended range that is already available here in Malaysia. Currently, the range of its Ice Blended drinks is limited to several coffee and non-coffee drinks. Although from succession to time Coffee Bean has been introducing promotional and seasonal Ice Blended drinks, none of these drinks will be served in the main menu after that the promotion is over. With this.Although a majority of Malaysians lik e to drink coffee lie drinks,With the introduction of the Honeydew Ice Blended to the market, it will help boost the challenge of bringing in new flavors for the market.Situation AnalysisThe Coffee Bean Tea Leaf is entering its fifteenth year of operation in Malaysia with many of its products ranging from its intimately known The Original Ice Blended beverages which carries coffee and non-coffee drinks have been well received by the public. However.2.2 SWOT AnalysisThe following SWOT analysis captures the signalize strengths and weaknesses for the proposed product and describes the opportunities and threats that it will face.2.2.1 StrengthThe Honeydew Ice Blended drink is offered during the summer seasons and it is well known as the refreshing summer drink in United States. With summer all year long in the South East Asia region, this product has also been proven as a main-stay in the Philippines and capital of Singapores The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf. This product carries a cool, c hilling and refreshing sweet taste which suits the pallets of the South East Asian region.2.2.2 WeaknessesThis product whitethorn not be suitable for coffee drinkers as the drink does not offer any coffee taste and its a fruit oriented drink. Its also not suitable for those who are watching their calories and diet as the drink carries a high calorie range due to the dessert and the cream that the drink offers. As this product targets the youth which comprises of teens and working adults in their twenties, some may be price sensitive to this beverage offer as it may be expensive compared to the local.2.2.3 OpportunitiesYounger generations, whom fell under the legal drinking age, are known as one of the fastest-growing segments of the beverages market. These generations prefer fresh and upcoming products rather than stagnant products that they have consumed daily. With a brand new product being introduced, it will trigger the targeted younger generation with the enthusiasm to go. The lifestyle factors converger.2.2.4 Threats spheric coffee and tea market have been increasingly growing and it has since been an extremely competitive sector. Coffee Bean Tea Leaf goes up against its closest rivals such as Starbucks, Dome, Cha Time and Old Town Caf here in Malaysia.CompetitionThe Coffee Bean Tea Leaf has been a powerhouse brand in providing its ice blended beverages. However, there are companies that do make similar ice blended beverages such as Starbucks and Cha Time. The Coffee Bean Tea put up has the upper hand because of the creation of the The Original Ice Blended line which gives the company the extra edge. Although the mentioned competitors have been making ice blended beverages, The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf has its own signature way of making these beverages special and cannot be matched with its competitors.

Strategies To Sell Seoul As A Leisure Destination Tourism Essay

Strategies To Sell capital of southwestward Korea As A Leisure Destination touristry EssayThis diploma paper introduces capital of southeastward Korea, the growing market as a leisure finish. The purpose of this paper is to vex and suggest ways for capital of southwestward Korea to accommodate out a fashionable leisure savoir-faire for Europeans. The paper starts with introduction to capital of South Korea, analysis of touring cars who visit capital of South Korea. Further to a greater extent than, this paper provides three ways for Seoul to become a popular leisure destination for Europeans by throw three beats including increasing awargonness, marketing which gives Europeans motivation and information, and an improvement on Seoul as a tourist city.Chapter one is an introduction to this paper, which gives a general thought about Seoul as a leisure destination.In chapter two, there pass on be a closer look at Seoul. Starting from general introduction to to the south Ko rea, this chapter arrive ats tourism industry in South Korea and a few passions in Seoul which argon divided into both traditionalistic and youthful points.Chapter three deals specifically with statistics related to visitors of South Korea, concentrating on residuum in the midst of Asian and European visitors. Then, it leads to stepping rock music of ways for Seoul to become popular among European leisure-oriented stumbleers.Chapter four shows the importance of internationalist government issues in terms of national image and tourism. To build aw beness and images of South Korea is linked for Europeans to be prompt to think about visiting South Korea. This chapter will explain this and gives a case.In chapter five, Hong Kong which is the one of the most popular destination in Asia is analyzed to be compargond to Seoul. By understanding and learning from the metropolis, Hong Kong, the milestone of next two chapters about marketing strategies and development of Seoul will be set up.Chapter six suggests marketing strategies to sell Seoul as a leisure destination for Europeans. As marketing strategies, the roles of government and media will be shown.Chapter 7 is about how to improve Seoul as a leisure destination. Through SWOT analysis, a few points will be suggested to develop Seoul to attract Europeans.In chapter eight, the last chapter, there is a conclusion based on all the chapters of why this research is valuable and published.IntroductionThis diploma paper was created to find and suggest ways for Seoul to become a popular leisure destination for Europeans. The capital city of South Korea, Seoul, has umteen both traditional and modern regards and great potentials to attract Europeans as a city tourism destination. However, it is not as much well-known as the fascinating cities in Asia such as Tokyo, Hong Kong, or Shanghai.For Europeans, Asia would seem to be somewhere new and adventurous. Since they do not know and are curious about the conti nent, their expectations of what they want to experience are reasonably oriental. However, some major(ip) cities kindred Tokyo are very westernized, modern barely if yet have their own uniqueness based on traditions and culture. Moreover, they would like to go to those arrays and see the real lives of the country. This is called City Tourism, which means that the city itself has lots of tourist attractions of accommodation, transportation, amusement facilities, culture, and food to keep back race from outside to be actuate to visit.Those both sides of attracts encourage Europeans to see oriental, traditional Asian parts and experience the real life of metropolis in Asia. In that respect, Seoul has true colorize of South Koreas culture and tradition behind and yet as a metropolis of more than 10 millions of residents, tourists would be able to see and experience how Korean live. In other words, Seoul has the real charms of pull Europeans.Then, why Seoul is not yet the popula r and concerned destination for Europeans to travel? This paper demonstrates the reasons and answers for the question. basic reason is that South Korea is still not well-known, especially for European tourists, which leads to the fact that it is crucial to amplification Europeans awareness of national images so that they would know and be motivated to visit South Korea. Also, there is lack of marketing strategies for Europeans to be encouraged to travel Seoul. Finally, Seoul should be improved more in terms of tourism industry, including cultural tourism, various activities and razets for tourists, the needs of overcome language barriers, and so on.South Korea was not the destination for leisure purposes until late of 1980s. After holding successful Olympics in Seoul, the world had started looking at the country differently, objet dart images of South Korea would have been poor and developing country after the Korea fight. Furthermore, 2002 World Cup Korea lacquer has emphati cally helped Korea to become a tourist destination that people talk about. Importance of international events, which will be acquainted later in chapter 5, is one of the major factors for a country to be well-known and improve tourism industry.2. Seoul as a tourist destinationIntroduction to South KoreaGeographically South Korea is set(p) in eastbounderly Asia, between China and lacquer. The Korean peninsula is roughly 1,030 km long and 175 km wide at its narrowest point. The land orbital cavity is 99,200 sq km, and it has a population of 48.6 million people. From Gojoseon which was the first form of country to after Japanese occupation, Korean War and division, Korea has more than 5,000 years of history. After Korean War and division from North Korea, the Republic of Korea had developed economy remarkably from 1960 to 1980s, which is called Miracle on the Han River. South Korea is a member of the OECD, and is classified as a high-income economy by the World Bank and an advanced economy by the IMF and CIA. South Korea is now a member of G-20 and will hold the annual G-20 disturbing in 2010. record of tourism industry in South KoreaAlong the development of economy, tourism industry as well as has been growing. This figure shows that the number of people visiting Korea from other countries explicate remarkably from 11,109 in the year of 1961 to 6,155,047 in 2006. Especially, between 1980 and 1992, Asia-Pacific region moved from being a minor player in the international tourism snapshot to becoming the nimbleest-growing and most talked about region of the world. And one of the fastest-growing markets was South Korea according to WTO (World Tourism Organization).Figure 1. Visitor Arrivals in South Korea from 1961-2006Introduction to SeoulSeoul is the capital city of South Korea. With a population of over 10 million, it is one of the worlds largest cities. It is also the second largest metropolitan playing area. Seoul is located on the Han River in the ce nter of the Korean Peninsula. Even though it may not be the center of South Korea geographically, Seoul is definitely the center of economy, politics, culture, and transport. Also, it is known as the hub of East Asia.Not surprisingly, this figure shows that among foreign visitors to South Korea, more than 70 percent of them visit Seoul.Year20032004200520062007Visitors (%)85.080.978.176.873.4Figure 2. Percentage of foreign visitors to Seoul taken from come up population of foreign visitors to KoreaSeoul is a very attractive city which has both oriental and modern characteristics. Traditional places such as palaces, temples, and traditional domiciliate villages attract people from the West as oriental attractions which are unfamiliar and interesting. Also, Seoul as a modern metropolitan city which shows how westernized Seoul is.Seoul as an oriental destination in AsiaGyeongbokgung (Gyeongbok Palace)(Seoul has been a capital city for approximately 600 years. Therefore, there are a lo t of palaces, especially the ancient princely palaces of the Joseon Dynasty Gyeongbokgung, Deoksugung, Changdeokgung, and Changgyeonggung.) Gyeongbokgung is the first palace of the Joseon Dynasty which was construct in 1395 and remained the core nucleus of autocratic rule through much of Joseon period. It was the palace where the head of state conducted important matters, legitimate foreign envoys, and assembled his court in royal rituals. Enthronements also took place here. (It is 340,000 m2 (square meter).)Remarkably, the most representative edifices of the Joseon Dynasty, Gyeonghoe-ru Pavilion and Hyangwonjeong Pond are still relatively in tact. Woldae and the sculptures of Geunjeongjeon (The magnificent Audience Chamber) represent the past sculpture art which was the trend back then.The National Palace Museum of Korea is located south of Heungnyemun Gate, and the National Folk Museum is located east within Hyangwonjeong.Bongeunsa (Bongeun Temple)One of the unique facts which attract people from Western countries is Korean Buddhism. Bongeunsa is one of only a few traditional Buddhist temples found in the city. Surprisingly, it is located in the busy, fast-paced part of the World Trade Center area. It is a pleasant place not only for Korean to visit but also for travelers to get to know Korean Buddhism culture. Temple Stay is what people can experience daily lives in a temple and learn Buddhism culture and spirits. In fact, lots of visitors stay there from few hours to 2 days to get to know Korean Buddhism, exotic culture.Bukchon Hanok VillageThere are traditional Korean houses remained in Bukhon Hanok Village. Most of houses are residences, but there are galleries, traditional workshops which sell fine jewelries, Korean restaurants, and minbak (Korean traditional Bed Breakfast).Insa-dong (Insa District)Insa-dong, located in the middle of the city, is an important place where old but precious and traditional goods are on display. Galleries, traditional restaurants, traditional teahouses, and cafes take place the whole area. The shops in Insa-dong are very popular among all age groups, because each one is unique. For young people especially, cheap but yet traditional and fine goods are sold in carts on the street. There are about 100 galleries in the area which travelers can see every example of traditional Korean fine art from paintings to sculptures.Seoul as a modern cityN Seoul TowerN Seoul Tower is the landmark of Seoul. It is located on top of Namsan Mountain and is a place where you can get fine views of Seoul. Built in 1969, it was a satellite tower but candid to the public in 1980. Besides fine views, the tower has restaurants, cafes, and shops. Lighting show which takes place every night is also attractive for visitors.Myeong-dong (Myeong District)Myeong-dong is a massive shop district where has all kinds of brand name shops and department stores are clustered along the streets and alleyways. Myeong-dong also has family restaurants, fast food, and Korean, Western and Japanese food.Hangang (Han River) and Cheonggyecheon (Cheonggye Stream)A place of liberalisation and convenient waterway transportation, the Hangang River is the center of Seouls urban renewal. Visitors come to the banks of the Hangang for leisure and recreation, an urban respite from the hectic pace of everyday life.Cheonggye Stream had been the biggest wholesale market in Seoul for more than 40 years after the Korean War. However, after renovation construction in 2003, it is now a beautiful tourist attraction and a leisure place for Koreans. Beautiful 22 bridges are decorated with 9,000 lights and 1,500,000 plants. Its length is 5.84 kilometer and 12.04 kilometer of walking paths are available. Especially, during December, the light show installed in the Cheonggye square which is the end of the stream is stunning.COEXThe COEX (Convention and Exhibition) building serves as the World Trade Center Seoul that includes a convention center , exhibition hall, and mall. It is a place for international conferences and cultural and arts events. It has successfully held the 3rd ASEM, the Noble Peace Prize, OECD international workshop, and many other international conferences. It has more than 200 exhibitions and over 2,000 international conferences and events annually. The COEX mall which is an underground obtain mall is the largest obtain center in Seoul. Also, it constitutes many other leisure places such as Aquarium, Megabox Movie Theater, Kimchi field museum, event court, and food court. Especially, Aquarium has more than 40,000 fish of 600 species and dozens of large sharks. Moreover, two chain hotels are connected to the place.Hongdae areaHongdae stands for Hongik University but also around the university, the area is for nightlife, various activities, and art performance. A lot of youngsters in Seoul spend their free time clubbing, shopping and enjoying gigs in this area. Especially, the last Friday of each month in Hongdae is Club Day, a wristband-powered event which allows entry to more than a dozen major clubs for the price of one.ItaewonItaewon district is a place where various foreign cultures gather. turn up between the southern slopes of Mountain Namsan and the Han River It started in the early 20th century, when it was a residential district for Japanese colonialists. Foreign communities form in the place, therefore many restaurants serving international dishes are found in this area including cuisine from India, Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey, Thailand, and Mexico, foods that are not widely available in Korea.3. Analysis of tourists visiting SeoulThis chapter acquaints with analysis of tourists visiting Seoul, South Korea. Based on the International Visitor Survey 2008 which was published by KTO (Korea Tourism Organization), this chapter will determine characteristics of visitors to South Korea, reasons why Asians travel South Korea more than Europeans do, which leads to differences betwe en Eastern and Western tourists to South Korea. Also, this chapter includes key points which lead to answer the question how Seoul can attract Europeans.It is important to mention that most of statistics and surveys used in this chapter are based on South Korea, not Seoul. However, since more than 70 percent of visitors to South Korea travel Seoul, those figures are clearly explained to figure out about Seoul.3.1. Statistics of visitors to South KoreaFirst of all, the figure is provided to show you percentage of visitors to South Korea in 2008. In 2008, the total number of visitors to South Korea was 6,890,841. 72.7 percent of visitors which means that 5,018,219were from Asian countries such as Japan, China, mainland China, and Thailand. The second largest proportion of the pie was people from Americas. The number of Europeans who visited South Korea in 2008 is 592,303, which is 8.6 percent. 1.9 percent of visitors were from Oceania and 1.1 percent of visitors to South Korea were fr om tenderness East such as Turkey. The smallest percentage, 0.4 percent of visitors was Africans in 2008.Figure 3. Percentage of visitors to South KoreaThe pie shows that visitors are mainly from Asia. To indicate this fact more obviously, the chart under is provided to see from which countries are the most visitors to South Korea. Clearly, the massive numbers of visitors are from near countries to South Korea such as Japan and China while only Russia is included this chart.Top 10 countries change of location South Korea (2008)RankCountry1Japan2China3United States4Taiwan5Philippines6Thailand7Hong Kong8Russia (Federation)9Canada10AustraliaFigure 4. Top 10 countries travelling South Korea (2008)3.2. Reasons why Asian travel South Korea more than EuropeansSince more than 70 percent of travelers to South Korea are Asians, it is critical to find ways to attract Europeans by comparing with Asians, especially Japanese and Chinese who visit South Korea the most. Therefore, this sup-chapt er will demonstrate reasons why Asian travel South Korea. There are several reasons why Asians travel South Korea more than Europeans such as geographical locations, more accessibility, Asians knowing South Korea and its culture well, and the Korean Wave.3.2.1. Geographical reasonsFirst of all, Asian countries especially Japan and China are nearer to South Korea than other countries so that it is easier and cheaper for people from those countries to visit South Korea. It takes an hour to visit Seoul from Tokyo, Shanghai, and Beijing by airplanes. For them, it might be even nearer to travel Seoul rather than other cities in their own countries and it is still other country which motivates them to travel for leisure purpose. Because of geographical factor, there is more accessibility for Japanese and Chinese to visit Seoul. While almost people from other countries visit South Korea by airplanes, some of Japanese and Chinese travel South Korea by ships. As an example of comparison, the re are approximately 30 flights in one day from Seoul to Tokyo, 26 flights from Seoul to Beijing, while only 5 flights in one day from Seoul to Paris.3.2.2. Cultural reasonsSince China, Japan, and Korea are located all in Northeast Asia, they have some ordinary and similar cultures behind them even though they all are individually unique. Therefore, tourists from China and Japan to South Korea feel more comfortable about travelling South Korea because they know the country. Moreover, they have more knowledge and experience about South Korea from education, media, and so on.3.2.3. The Korean waveThe Korean wave refers to the significantly change magnitude popularity of South Korean culture around the world since the 21st century. The term was coined in China in mid-1999 by Beijing journalists surprised by the fast growing popularity of South Koreans and South Korean goods in China. Globalization has had an impact on pop culture to be opened to foreign countries for last decade. Esp ecially, Korean TV dramas are really popular among Asian countries through the whole generations.As an example, Japan is the one of the countries influenced by Korean pop culture popularities, which leads to increase of Japanese travelers to South Korea. NHK, Japans public broadcaster introduced Winter Sonata as the first South Korean TV drama shown on its satellite channel in 2003. The TV drama created many syndromes about itself and because of its explosive popularity, Winter Sonata was aired twice in the same year and NHK published novels based on the screenplay and architectural plan guidebooks, as well as to produce DVDs, CDs and videos for both entertainment and for learning Korean. Meanwhile, travel agencies offer tour packages that highlight shooting locations of Winter Sonata and rare moments to meet the stars. The economic effects of Winter Sonata in South Korea have enormously benefited not only the entertainment but tourism industries, as well. As a result from Korean W ave, Japanese visitors accounted for 41.6% of 1.99 million visitors to South Korea in 2004.3.3. Differences between Asian and European visitorsThere are mainly two obvious differences between Asian and European travelers purposes of their visits and places that they visited. This subchapter will indicate the basis to determine ways to bring more Europeans to visit Seoul.3.3.1. Purpose of visitGenerally speaking, the percentages of business-oriented visitors and leisure-oriented travelers to South Korea are similar in 2008 according to the pie given below. Those two constitute more than 80 percent. However, people who visited for business/professional activities are slightly more than people who came to South Korea for leisure/entertainment/vacation reasons.Figure 5. Purpose of visit (2008)According to the chart below which shows the nationality and purpose of visit, there is a significant difference between Asian and European travelers. Asians, especially Japan and Taiwan, tend to v isit South Korea with leisure purpose, while there are more Europeans who came for business or professional activities than those who came for leisure purpose. The difference between business and leisure purposes is more than six times among Europeans.The Number of CaseBusiness/Professional activities (%)Leisure/ pastime/Vacation (%)Friends/Family visit (%)Total11,97842.040.411.5Japan4,31825.663.28.9China2,12839.237.113.1United States1,10857.312.223.9Taiwan58729.362.94.5Russia (Fed.)24968.510.610.8Canada19050.815.828.5Australia17550.625.011.9Germany16576.98.79.8England15976.08.310.9Figure 6. Comparison of purpose of visit (2008)3.3.2. Attractions in SeoulThere are two statistics about popular attractions in Seoul given. According to the first chart, the most visited place with 52.8 percent is Myeong-dong where has various shopping places and restaurants. The second and third most visited attractions are both market but yet have different characteristics. Dongdaemun market is also s toried place for shopping different items, mostly clothing. Travelers who visit Namdaemun market discover this place very interesting. Because everything from cheap electronic products to vegetables, live fishes supposed to be cut and sold secure away shows the real looks of Koreans. Also, they could find some traditional goods in cheap prices. 43.7 percent of answers to the survey dedicates to ancient palaces. Other places from Insa-dong where keeps traditional looks on the whole district to N Seoul Tower, the landmark of Seoul and Lotte World, the largest amusement park are visited by international visitors.Figure 7. Places Visited in SeoulHowever, a clear difference of the most visited place between Asians and Europeans is determined. For Asians, the most visited places are Myeong-dong and Dongdaemun market, which shows that they liked to go shopping in Seoul. Meanwhile, ancient palaces attract Europeans including English, Germen, French, and Russians according to the survey.Cou ntryJapanChinaTaiwanEnglandGermanyFranceRussiaThe most visited placeMyeong-dongDongdaemun marketDongdaemun marketAncient palacesAncient palacesAncient palacesAncient palacesPercent74.9 %63.9 %82.5 %49.2 %56.8 %63.6 %52.9 %Figure 8. The most visited place3.4. shuttingBased on figures analyzed in this chapter, three main conclusions are determined in order to sell Seoul as a famous and popular destination for Europeans. First of all, Europeans awareness of Korea should be increased so that they are motivated to travel. Secondly, not only to increase Europeans awareness but also to promote tourism industry, the government should do more marketing and advertising through various and effective ways. At last but not least, Seoul itself should become a more attractive and comfortable tourist destination. And that needs several factors like preserving traditional attractions, solving language barriers. From next chapter, this paper will fully concentrate on those three points.4. Internatio nal events for national image and tourismThis chapter focuses on national images and their impacts on tourism as the first step to bring more Europeans into visiting Seoul. The reason why this chapter is the first means is that raising their awareness is created by raising well-known, attractive and positive national images. At first, definition and importance of national images will be introduced, and then this chapter will deal with international events, which help effectively a venue to be known. To hold international events such as Olympic Games, Football World Cup, and exhibitions are crucial for a city or country to raise its images, which eventually make tourists motivated and attracted to visit before, during, and after the event. At the end of this chapter, there will be a case study about 2002 World Cup Korea Japan to demonstrate it.4.1. National imagesSince the advance of globalisation, national image and reputation have become more critical assets in the modern world. In order to build national images, governments try to develop those under the name of national stigmatisation as a marketing technique. The reputations of countries are similar to the brand images of companies and products.The American market Association (AMA) defines a brand as a name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one vendor or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of other sellers. The brand resides within the hearts and minds of customers, clients, and prospects. It is the sum total of their experiences and perceptions, some of which you can influence, and some that you cannot. To succeed in branding you must understand the needs and wants of your customers and prospects. Likewise, a country needs to build its own images in order to understand and attract target audiences including foreign tourists. all(prenominal) country has its own characteristics, also referred as brand images. As mention ed above, some national images built in target audiences cannot be influenced by the governments efforts. Because those images are create by personal experience, the media, and so on. However, the government could improve and create positive and attractive national images to make potential tourists consider visiting the city or country by national branding.Images about tourism tend to last until the reality.Charming images promote collecting information and activity to try to visit the destination. create images become expectations about the destination.Expectations have impacts on evaluations.Influence on images depends on the degree of knowledge and experience of the destination.Figure 9. Seoho Uhm 1998, The study about measuring destination images The study of tourismThe figure above was published by a Korean expert from the institute of tourism in University of Kyonggi. It shows that images of destination are built not only by actual attributes of the destination but by potent ial tourists and their desires of travel activities.4.2. Impact of international events on tourism

Investigating General Motors Chevy Volt Project

Investigating General Motors get to atomic number 23 ProjectWhat does the vex atomic number 23 case tell you about the nature of strategical decision making at a large complex organization like GM? In a complex organization such as GM, it appears that decisions concerning Chevy atomic number 23 vomit were reached without giving thorough plan outlay to the prep groups in the companionship. There was a lot of thing that put the social club at stakes from the wrong strategic decision undertaken. All aspects of the trade union movement were done at the individual and subjective level. Take for example the proposal presented by Larry Burns and track Lutz concerning Chevy fivesome to the top management presents a missing link of strategic leadership that should catch been a transformational force. as yet the sad state of personal business is that strategic formulation and its implementation alike were all compromised upon, which happened when the Chevy Volt concept gondo la was launched.This shows that managerial level function, their involvement and leadership were not cooperative in a maven as far as implementation cropes goes. Together with it, shareholder values and business plan besides were not evince upon when decisions were made, which appears that the responsibility attached with managerial role and their expertise were all taken for granted that put the company in the threshold of a gamble and a joke.Explain briefly the changes in the external environment that made it favorable to undertake the Chevy Volt Project?As we relate to the given case, go up supply prices, new environmental regulations, new entrant for green concepts simple machines and stiff competitors give abundant evidence to the changes in the external environment. There is some relevance that microenvironments also were emphasised upon in mise en scene of Porter five forces model and SWOT abridgment. Thus, the Chevy Volt project can significantly foster the CSR o f GM, which is favorable.As a green concept car, the Chevy Volt scores a point as far as hail saving for users goes in context of rising oil prices then. However, what is crucial also can be exemplified in context of sustainable development process that the Chevy Volt can impact, let say limiting carbon gas emission in the backdrop of global warming and greenhouse effect and most importantly presents a wider socio-stinting relevancy and impact.What internal obstacles do you think existed within GM that were disapproving to the pursuit of the Chevy Volt project?Cost factor also is one unfavourable point that existed, given that GM have already invested billion of dollars for the development of Lithium-Ion batteries, which did not registers with the top management. The relevant cause for that also can be emphasized in context of the internal obstacles at GM as can be observed in respect of top management who were skeptical of Chevy Volt project, especially when the EV1 Hybrid model, a green concept electric car that run on conventional fuel cell introduced by the company way back in the 90s did not succeed and was a sheer loss in term of resource and brand image.Besides leadership in the company also have it flaws, and were not wholly involved. That is to say, strategy planning, its formulation and lifecycles that guaranteed the outcome of project was a missing links, which are the internal obstacles that are unfavorable for the pursuit of Chevy Volt project.The plan for the Chevy Volt seems to be based partly on the assumption that oil prices would remain high, and yet in late 2008, oil prices collapsed in the wake of a sharp global economic slowdownWhat does this tell you about the nature of strategic plans?Chevy Volt project which is partly based on the assumption of fuels prices is rather skeptical. Plan outlay in context of rising oil prices, and environment sustainability only does not in a sense constitute total business plan layout. External environmen t analysis such as the macro and micro-economic factors also should have been focused, so that an alternative plan layout to develop new innovation for its benchmark cars model that run on fuel and that which should meet the tighter regulation in the future. Yet that was not the case, which we tincture posit the flaws in the nature of strategic plan concerning Chevy Volt, and presents the uncertainty of such development course, which in the other case economic factor should have been given more emphasis for strategy, wherein economic theory of select and supply also should have been brought in contention in count on of decision and strategy.How do falling oil prices affect the Chevy Volt project?The Chevy Volt project strategic plan was based on factor that kept rising oil prices in contention to market its electric car model for profitability. That is true to some extent. Yet, buying a car is long-term investment for buyers. That factor also should have been given due importance . Besides, investment made by GM in the Chevy Volt project also constitute broad cost factor. In business context, Chevy Volt is less competitive and cost already incurred for the project means that the company has to compromise with its benchmark to foster a profitable outcome from situation of spiraling oil prices.Thus, falling oil prices can affect Chevy Volt project in terms of profitability turn toly from the sale of electric cars. However, such marketing concepts pose many risks and uncertainty, which in simple economic sense can be justified in context of supply and demand rule applicable to economics, be it for oil prices or the Chevy Volt car models and its demands in situations when oil prices would remain high.Do you think oil prices exit remain low?There is no reason to think that oil prices will remain low, because it happened in a situation when demand for the product was low in the market. Rising oil prices defines the simple economic basis of the law of demand, w hich depends on market equilibrium for a product in influencing the inflation and deflation of particular product.Thus, it is very likely and in simple economic sense that once the demand for oil increases, prices also is also likely to surge accordingly. Besides there are no substitute product as far as fuel goes and in the case of Chevy Volt cars the case is otherwise, wherein substitute product can be emphasis in context of internal combustion locomotive engine cars which pouts competitors in a favorable situation as far as car model goes.a) What are the external conditions that need to be present for the Chevy Volt to be a supremacyful car?For the success of the Chevy Volt Project effective marketing strategy has to be formulated. Marketing aspects also should capitalize on the internal and external forces that influence the products within the industry and against its rival for the competitive factor. From our understanding, the Chevy Volt is a high-tech car. Hence, external analysis from operational and business perspective should focus on the competitive structure of the industry and factors such as innovations, socio-economic, and environmental impact that defines value added product, and the opportunistic cost that comes with it.Thus, a lot of innovation in the development process of the car should be fostered as one factor to benchmark against rivals and competitors in the industry, which is critical for success for a profitable outcome and goals achievements. Part of it also should focus on the strategic marketing aspects that give the car and its salient feature to reach the race through advertisement and awareness created in that regard are interrelated and need to be present for the Chevy Volt to be a no-hit car.Given its long presence in the market GM may not lack competency and skills, however, its strategic planning and decision making is smothered by strong resistance from its managers. This may be due to the complexity of the organizati on and resulting problems associated with strategic decision making.What would you suggest for GM to make its strategic planning and decision making effective and relevant?To facilitate effective strategic, it is advised that GM managers should take into account the following-Response to the competition that the market posed and demands.Management Responsibility in decision undertaken.Knowledge sharing as a basis for project formulation and effectiveness.Cost factor analysis.Collaborative leadership as a means to negotiate against redundant formulation process.Do away with subjective and unreasonable reasoning and decisions.Transformational change has to be initiated.Management and supervisors involvements in any given projects.Business plan and layout should be effectively defined for any major outcome and long-term effects.Apart from these point and list of suggestion, we feel that strategic group in the company should be given ample hand to empanel for strategic plan layout, give n that there are huge stakes for any given undertaking. After all, strategic group are expert panel. Yet, decision being reached is more or less subjective. Hence, a collaborative approach to management thinking, leadership and strategy formulation should be the core cultural basis in the company, which can effectively and relevantly drive the strategic planning and decision making in the course of goals achievements.In light of your analysis, what are the be of mischance in this project for GM?The cost of failure as far as Chevy Volt car concerns is huge and tremendous, as far as operation and economic consequences goes. Less involvement from the managers also brought to fore the cost and its effect to directly hit the company that brought it to the stage of total shutdown of its operations. Since the company is already in the threshold of bankruptcy, the Chevy Volt project that failed to impact the company strategic goals and its achievements posed the total effect of bankruptcy of GM and huge economic consequences as an aftermath, because the company is already on the process of huge public debt facilitated by the government to save itself from bankruptcy.Thus, it is suggested that either the plan have to be charted out to bring into effect the following- benefit on the mental ability and expertise the company posits.Effective strategic management of operational process and procedures.Top Management involvement.Responsibility.Collaborative approaches to leadership.Cultural and structural promote of the corporate echelon and strategic management panel and groups.Standardization of managerial role, decisions and business plan layout.Capitalizing on the opportunities and threat.Facilitate a dynamic leadership culture.What are the costs for GM of not pursuing the project?There are tremendous and direct effects as far as Chevy Volt project concerns, since it is not pursued at all. Take for example the following cost factors-The huge opportunistic cost lost i n between.Operational and business capability that went for a toss.Marketing research that has not been capitalized effectively and efficiently for result outcome.Change factor and organizational learning.Cost factor in term of direct financial investments to investors, and stakeholders.Resource accumulation.Brand image and identity.Corporation competencies that have not been capitalizedSustainable development plansCorporate Social ResponsibilityEconomic consequences.Bankruptcy.Business process and procedures.

Effect of Violent Video Games on Self-Perception

Effect of Violent Video Games on Self-PerceptionIn their 50thvolume, the journal of Experimental Social Psychology published an article named Intense acts of violence during mental picture zippy gip make daily life incursion emerge innocuous A new mechanism why rampageous characterisation games increase aggression in which scientists examined the effects of unpeaceful video game play on perception of aggression regarding both the actions of ones self as well as the actions of others, and how these altered perceptions of aggression understructure then virtuoso to increased aggression in the subjects. In the first experiment the subjects played either a neutral or a violent video game and then were asked to answer questions regarding theoretical hard-hitting actions taken by the subject or another person. These questions gauged how seriously and how aggressive the subjects considered certain actions, such as shouting or shoving, to be when performed by others or themselves. The second experiment aimed to both reaffirm the findings of the first and further prove that decreased sensitivity to aggressive actions can directly result in an increased level of aggression in the subjects who played violent video games. The subjects again played either a violent or neutral video game, but after the video game, they were asked to decide how much chili sauce another participant would have to consume in a separate experiment. The subjects were told that there was a separate experiment and that the scientist could not choose how much chili to give the subjects in order to prevent bias. The subjects of the airplane pilot experiment were informed that the subjects of the other, fake study did not equivalent spice, and that they would likely not enjoy the chili.Experiment one proved to be a intercourse success, but also provided more questions than answers when it was shown that violent video games affect self-perception significantly harder than perception of oth ers. As predicted, subjects who played violent video games rated behaviors as less aggressive than the control group, furthermore playing the violent video game also led to more negative mood scores. Interestingly enough, playing the violent video game did not have a statistically significant impact on the perceived aggression of theoretical actions performed by people other than themselves. In other words, playing violent video games caused subjects to perceive less aggression in their own actions but not in the actions of others. In the second experiment, the venture was again supported as those who had previously played the violent video game chose to administer higher quantities of chili to who they thought were study participants that did not like spice. Essentially it was shown that playing a violent video game led to decreased scrutiny regarding the aggressiveness of ones own actions and as a result led to the subjects subconsciously choosing to cause more discomfort to anot her person than they might have if they hadnt played a violent video game. All in all the experiments proved to be a success, the first experiment provided sound reason to believe that playing violent video games leads to a decrease in the self-perceived aggression of our own actions, and the second experiment provided proof that a decrease in self-perceived aggression could translate into an unconscious increase in the aggression of our own actions. It seems that violent video games may have an adverse effect after all, as this study stands as evidence that playing violent video games can influence a person to regard their own aggression with less gravity and in turn act with more aggression towards other, whether they are aware of it or not.

Critical Thinking Is More than Common Sense Essay -- Critical Thinking

If one were to ask a group of high school seniors questions like, Who was the first U.S. president? or, What equation is associated with the Pythagorean Theorem? they would likely refer that the majority of the students would answer correctly. However, if one were to pose the questions, Why did the Civil War occur? or, Why are international trade relations between another(prenominal) countries important to the U.S.? they would receive fragmented responses at best few students would be able to provide clear and concise answers. This simulated example clearly underscores about of the current flaws in the education system across the nation. Instructors teach students, and expect them to learn they do not teach them how to learn. Many educators have taught students well how to stash away trivia and miscellaneous facts, but few have truly embraced the method of tiny judgment in the classroom. Kansans praise the system for the improving test scores, moreover they fail to see th rough the blanket of such pseudo-success, and they do not realize the true mediocrity of the Kansas educational curriculum. Secondary schools in Kansas should place a greater emphasis on critical thinking in the classroom. As indicated by studies from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, students fall short when it comes to critical thought and reasoning (Jasparro, 86). Because of the current classroom practices of rote memorization, students are generally deeply habituated to passivity and low-level performance, reports Linda Elder, executive director for the Center for Critical thinking, who promotes the integration of critical thought into current curriculum. Most students have no conception of what discursive reasoning is. Most have spen... ...mprovement Research Series. Nov. 1991. Northwest Regional Educational testing ground .Critical mentation Skills Key to Raising SAT Scores. Business Wire. Lexis-Nexis Online. 30 August 1991. Keywords Critical Thinking.Elder, Linda. The 18th International Conference on Critical Thinking and Educational Reform. 18th International Conference on Critical Thinking. 4 Aug. 1998. The Center for Critical Thinking .Jasparro, Ralph. Applying Systems Thinking to Curriculum Evaluation. NASSP Bulletin 82.598 (1998) 86.Paul, Richard. Content is Thinking Thinking is Content. Content is Thinking. 28 June 2001. The Center for Critical Thinking . ---.

Language and Culture in an Immigrant Society :: Cultural Identity Essays

The professor of my linguistics anthropology course this year, stepped up to the podium on the first day of class, and surprised us all with his feelings regarding language. He began by presentment us that he specializes in human misery, perhaps insinuating language is a source of misery. Dr. Song is a Korean immigrant and the sounds of his own language repulses him. Growing up in modern society America has made him cringe at the sound of his native tongue. It is this same native language of Korean that my professor locomote back into when he is made nervous by an English speaking person leaning in closer to him and squinting up his face expecting not to understand what will come out of his mouth before he even opens it. It is as if the frustration and impatience he has confronted in people has fostered a hatred for the part of him that is foreign.   Michael Agar, a leading theorist on modern linguistics, has proposed a reason for this regression. In looking at the elusive idea of burnish we see that the content is ever changing. It is a continual process one that Agar says is not something those people have its something that happens to you. My professor used an example of two types of drivers to demonstrate the different reactions to the complications that arise with culture. These two drivers will be called the first and second driver. The first driver embodies the number one type and the second, the good driver. He uses the situation of traffic congestion to put these types into perspective. Imagine a driver during traffic congestion. The number one type will say to himself, The system is do this inconvenience, because it is always like this. To a number one type, it is this immutable truth that is the cause of any obstacles. This truth can be applied to almost anything in a society where we are surrounded by reproducible images and experiences, which grants permission to use stereotypes. The problem (the traffic congestion ) is caused by a thing out on that point and is objectified.   But there is a second driver, the good driver. This driver does not objectify the situation and use the accepted truth.